Further reading
Conscious mind, sleeping brain : perspectives on lucid dreaming / edited by Jane Gackenbach and Stephen LaBerge. New York, Plenum, 1988.
Dreaming : a cognitive-psychological analysis / by David Foulkes. Hillsdale, NJ, Lawrence Erlbaum, 1985.
The dreaming universe / by Fred Alan Wolf. New York, Simon & Schuster, 1994.
The mind in sleep : psychology and psychophysiology / edited by Arthur Arkin et al. Hillsdale, NJ, Lawrence Erlbaum, 1978.
Parallel universes : the search for other worlds / Fred Alan Wolf. London, Bodley Head, 1990.
"To sleep, perchance to dream" by Graham Lawton. In New Scientist 28 June 2003, p28-35.
(http://wave.customer.netspace.net.au/hf2004/htm/dreams.htm)
Dreams are successions of images, ideas, emotions, and sensations that occur involuntarily in the mindduring certain stages of sleep.[1] The content and purpose of dreams are not definitively understood, though they have been a topic of scientific speculation, as well as a subject of philosophical and religious interest, throughout recorded history. The scientific study of dreams is called oneirology.
In art
Dreams and dark imaginings are the theme of Goya's etching The Sleep of Reason Produces Monsters. There is a painting by Salvador Dalí that depicts this concept, titledDream Caused by the Flight of a Bee around a Pomegranate a Second Before Awakening (1944). Rousseau's last painting was The Dream. Le Rêve ("The Dream") is a 1932 painting by Pablo Picasso.
Dream content
From the 1940s to 1985, Calvin S. Hall collected more than 50,000 dream reports at Western Reserve University. In 1966 Hall and Van De Castle published The Content Analysis of Dreams in which they outlined a coding system to study 1,000 dream reports from college students.[70] It was found that people all over the world dream of mostly the same things. Hall's complete dream reports became publicly available in the mid-1990s by Hall's protégé William Domhoff, allowing further different analysis. Personal experiences from the last day or week are frequently incorporated into dreams.[71]
[edit]Visuals
The visual nature of dreams is generally highly phantasmagoric; that is, different locations and objects continuously blend into each other. The visuals (including locations, characters/people, objects/artifacts) are generally reflective of a person's memories and experiences, but often take on highly exaggerated and bizarre forms.
[edit]Emotions
The most common emotion experienced in dreams is anxiety. Other emotions include abandonment, anger, fear, joy, happiness, etc. Negative emotions are much more common than positive ones.[70]
[edit]Sexual themes
The Hall data analysis shows that sexual dreams occur no more than 10% of the time and are more prevalent in young to mid-teens.[70] Another study showed that 8% of men's and women's dreams have sexual content.[72] In some cases, sexual dreams may result in orgasms or nocturnal emissions. These are colloquially known as wet dreams.[73]
[edit]Recurring dreams
While the content of most dreams is dreamt only once, many people experience recurring dreams—that is, the same dream narrative or dreamscape is experienced over different occasions of sleep.
[edit]Color vs. black and white
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dream)
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